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Ukraine’s Turbulent History Since Independence In 1991

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Russian forces fired missiles at several Ukrainian cities and landed
troops on its south coast on Thursday, right after Russian President
Vladimir Putin authorised what he called a special military operation
in eastern Ukraine.

Here is a timeline of the main events in Ukraine’s political history
since it won independence from Moscow in 1991.

1991: Leonid Kravchuk, leader of the Soviet republic of Ukraine,
declares independence from Moscow. In a referendum and presidential
election, Ukrainians approve independence and elect Kravchuk
president.

1994: Leonid Kuchma beats Kravchuk in a presidential election deemed
largely free and fair by observers.

1999: Kuchma is re-elected in a vote riddled with irregularities.

2004: Pro-Russian candidate Viktor Yanukovich is declared president
but allegations of vote-rigging trigger protests in what becomes known
as the Orange Revolution, forcing a re-run of the vote. A pro-Western
former prime minister, Viktor Yushchenko, is elected president.

1994: Leonid Kuchma beats Kravchuk in a presidential election deemed
largely free and fair by observers.

1999: Kuchma is re-elected in a vote riddled with irregularities.

2004: Pro-Russian candidate Viktor Yanukovich is declared president
but allegations of vote-rigging trigger protests in what becomes known
as the Orange Revolution, forcing a re-run of the vote. A pro-Western
former prime minister, Viktor Yushchenko, is elected president.

2005: Yushchenko takes power with promises to lead Ukraine out of the
Kremlin’s orbit, towards NATO and the EU. He appoints former energy
company boss Yulia Tymoshenko as prime minister but after in-fighting
in the pro-Western camp, she is sacked.

2008: NATO promises Ukraine it will one day join the alliance.

2010: Yanukovich defeats Tymoshenko in a presidential election. Russia
and Ukraine clinch a gas pricing deal in exchange for extending the
lease for the Russian navy in a Ukrainian Black Seaport.

2013: Yanukovich’s government suspends trade and association talks
with the EU in November and opts to revive economic ties with Moscow,
triggering months of mass rallies in Kyiv.

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2014: The protests, largely focused around Kyiv’s Maidan square, turn
violent. Dozens of protesters are killed.

February 2014: The parliament votes to remove Yanukovich, who flees.
Within days, armed men seize parliament in the Ukrainian region of
Crimea and raise the Russian flag. Moscow annexes the territory after
a March 16 referendum which shows overwhelming support in Crimea for
joining the Russian Federation

April 2014: Pro-Russian separatists in the eastern region of Donbass
declare independence. Fighting breaks out, which has continued
sporadically into 2022, despite frequent ceasefires.

May 2014: Businessman Petro Poroshenko wins a presidential election
with a pro-Western agenda.

July: 2014: A missile brings down passenger plane MH17 en route from
Amsterdam to Kuala Lumpur, killing all 298 people on board.
Investigators trace back the weapon used to Russia, which denies
involvement.

2017: An association agreement between Ukraine and the EU opens
markets for free trade of goods and services, and visa-free travel to
the EU for Ukrainians.

2019: A new Ukrainian Orthodox church wins formal recognition,
angering the Kremlin

Former comic actor Volodymyr Zelenskiy defeats Poroshenko in an April
presidential election on promises to tackle corruption and end the war
in eastern Ukraine. His Servant of the People party wins a July
parliamentary election.

U.S. President Donald Trump asks Zelenskiy in July to investigate Joe
Biden, his rival in the U.S. presidential race, and Biden’s son Hunter
over possible business dealings in Ukraine. The call leads to a failed
attempt to impeach Trump.

March 2020: Ukraine goes into its first lockdown to curb COVID-19.

June 2020: The IMF approves a $5 billion lifeline to help Ukraine
stave off default during a pandemic-induced recession.

Jan. 2021: Zelenskiy appeals to Biden, now U.S. president, to let
Ukraine join NATO.

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Feb. 2021: Zelenskiy’s government imposes sanctions on Viktor
Medvedchuk, an opposition leader and the Kremlin’s most prominent ally
in Ukraine.

Spring 2021: Russia masses troops near Ukraine’s borders in what it
says are training exercises.

Oct. 2021: Ukraine uses a Turkish Bayraktar TB2 drone for the first
time in eastern Ukraine, angering Russia.

Autumn 2021: Russia again begins massing troops near Ukraine.

Dec. 7, 2021: Biden warns Russia of sweeping Western economic
sanctions if it invades Ukraine.

Dec. 17: Russia presents detailed security demands including a legally
binding guarantee that NATO will give up any military activity in
eastern Europe and Ukraine.

Jan. 14: A cyberattack warning Ukrainians to “be afraid and expect the
worst” hits Ukrainian government websites.

Jan. 17: Russian forces start arriving in Belarus, to the north of
Ukraine, for joint drills.

Jan. 24: NATO puts forces on standby and reinforces eastern Europe
with more ships and fighter jets.

Jan. 26: Washington presents a written response to Russia’s security
demands, repeating a commitment to NATO’s “open-door” policy while
offering “pragmatic” discussions of Moscow’s concerns.

Jan. 28: President Vladimir Putin says Russia’s main security demands
have not been addressed.

Feb. 2: The United States says it will send 3,000 extra troops to
Poland and Romania to help shield NATO allies in eastern Europe from
any spillover from the crisis.

Feb. 4: Putin, at the Beijing Winter Olympics, wins Chinese support
for his demand that Ukraine not be allowed to join NATO.

Feb. 7: French President Emmanuel Macron sees some hope for a
diplomatic resolution of the crisis after meeting Putin in the
Kremlin. Macron then visits Kyiv and praises the “sang-froid” of
Zelenskiy and the Ukrainian people.

Feb. 9: Biden says “things could go crazy quickly” as the U.S. State
Department advises Americans in Ukraine to leave immediately. Other
countries also urge their nationals to leave.

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Feb. 14: Zelenskiy urges Ukrainians to fly flags and sing the national
anthem in unison on Feb. 16, a date some Western media say Russia
could invade.

Feb. 15: Russia says some of its troops are returning to base after
exercises near Ukraine and mocks Western warnings about a looming
invasion. Russia’s parliament asks Putin to recognise as independent
two Russian-backed breakaway regions in eastern Ukraine.

Feb. 18: U.S. ambassador to the Organisation for Security and
Cooperation in Europe Michael Carpenter says Russia has probably
massed between 169,000-190,000 personnel in and near Ukraine.

Feb. 19: Russia’s strategic nuclear forces hold exercises overseen by Putin.

Feb. 21: Macron says Biden and Putin have agreed in principle to a
summit over Ukraine.

In a televised address, Putin says Ukraine is an integral part of
Russian history, has never had a history of genuine statehood, is
managed by foreign powers, and has a puppet regime. Putin signs
agreements to recognise breakaway regions in eastern Ukraine as
independent and order Russian troops there.

Feb. 22: U.S., UK, and their allies enact sanctions on Russian
parliament members, banks, and other assets. Germany halts the final
certification of the Nord Stream 2 pipeline that was still waiting for
approval.

Putin, in a television address, demands Ukraine demilitarise and says
the Minsk peace agreement over breakaway republics no longer exists,
blaming Kyiv for killing the deal.

Feb. 23: Russian-backed separatist leaders ask Russia for help in
repelling aggression from the Ukrainian army.

Feb. 24: Russian President Putin authorizes “special military
operations” in eastern Ukraine and asks Ukrainian forces to lay down
their arms in a televised address. Russian forces begin missile and
artillery attacks on Ukrainian forces and air bases, striking areas in
major cities. (Reuters/NAN)

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APC Youth Group Counters Jaji’s Claims Against Matawalle

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The National Youth Vanguard of Nigeria’s ruling All Progressives Congress (APC) has rejected allegations made by Honourable Aminu Sani Jaji, who accused the Minister of State for Defence, Bello Muhammed Matawalle, of orchestrating claims of anti-party activities against him.

In a statement issued on Saturday, the group’s National Publicity Secretary, Dr Adeniyi Wale, described Jaji’s accusations as “baseless” and an attempt to distract from his own political manoeuvres.

“Jaji has long positioned himself as a loyal APC member and a unifying force within the party, but his actions suggest otherwise. His political moves appear more self-serving than focused on party unity,” Wale said.

The APC Vanguard emphasised that Nigerians deserve transparent and accountable leaders rather than those who, it said, manipulate public trust for personal gain. The group also questioned Jaji’s credibility, citing what it described as a pattern of inconsistency in his political engagements.

“The remarks made by Jaji not only lack substantiation but also raise concerns about his reliability and judgment,” the statement read. “Leadership is not merely about holding a position of power; it is about demonstrating qualities that inspire trust and confidence among the people.”

The group commended Minister Matawalle for his efforts in strengthening national security and promoting peace. It said his leadership had contributed significantly to fostering unity and improving community relations across the country.

“Minister Matawalle exemplifies the qualities of effective leadership. Under his stewardship, significant progress has been made in enhancing national security and community relations,” the statement said.

The APC Vanguard further criticised Jaji’s leadership approach, accusing him of lacking the foresight and responsibility required for credible governance.

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“This pattern of inconsistency not only weakens the integrity of his decisions but also erodes the confidence of party members and stakeholders who seek dependable representation,” Wale added.

The group reaffirmed its support for Matawalle and urged APC members to remain focused on unity and national progress while rejecting divisive rhetoric that could undermine the party’s strength.

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Two brothers Launch Sardaunan Ikulu Fans Foundation, Sponsor WAEC Registration For 50 vulnerable Students

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By Israel Bulus, Kaduna

In a significant effort to promote education, two brothers have launched the Sardaunan Ikulu Fans Foundation, sponsoring the West African Examinations Council (WAEC) registration for 50 vulnerable students in Kamaru Ikulu Ward, Zango-Kataf Local Government Area of Kaduna State.

Speaking at the launch on Tuesday, Yusuf Ismail Ashafa, popularly known as Sardaunan Ikulu, urged the beneficiaries to remain dedicated to their studies and strive for academic excellence. He assured them that the foundation would continue to support outstanding students by facilitating their admission into higher institutions.

Ashafa also called on parents to play an active role in motivating their children to focus on education, emphasizing that their success would contribute to a brighter future for the community.

Meanwhile, Ashafa, who played a crucial role in the emergence of Engr. Bege Gaiya Joseph as the Executive Chairman of Zango-Kataf Local Government Area, expressed deep appreciation for Joseph and his brother, Reuben Richman Bissla, for sponsoring the students’ WAEC registration in his honor.

He pledged to build on these efforts, ensuring continued support for students’ education as a means of fostering societal development.

In his remarks, the co-sponsor, Engr. Joseph Bege Gaiya, popularly known as Lordbeckson, disclosed that the initiative was aimed at improving the education of the most vulnerable students for the betterment of society.

“I am one of the beneficiaries of the goodwill of Sardaunan Ikulu. If he had wanted to become the Council Chairman, he would have been, but he decided to push me forward, and today I am the Council Chairman through his mentorship,” he stated.

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He urged the beneficiaries to consider themselves fortunate and to take full advantage of the opportunity by studying hard to achieve excellent results.

“With the establishment of the Federal University of Applied Sciences in Kachia, we must ensure that our students pursue science courses. We cannot afford to have a Federal University in our region and yet have our children unable to gain admission to study science-related fields,” he added.

The initiative has been widely commended as a timely intervention, helping underprivileged students overcome financial barriers to education.

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Senator Natasha: Nigerians are watching – Arewa youths to INEC, police

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Amid the recall process initiated against Senator Natasha Akpoti-Uduaghan, the Arewa Youths Progressives Assembly has told both the Independent National Electoral Commission, INEC, and the police that Nigerians are keenly watching their actions.

This came amid viral video of some politicians in the Kogi State mass-signing signatures purported to be that of the Senator’s constituents.

It was gathered that the Senator has already petitioned the police over the development.

However, addressing journalists on Tuesday, the National President of Arewa Youths Progressives Assembly, Shuaibu Usman, accused the INEC of always compromising the electoral process in Kogi State.

Usman, who recalled how results of the last governorship election in the state emerged even before the exercise commenced, urged the commission to redeem itself.

He said, “Kogi parades as a worst example when it comes to INEC conduct of election in Nigeria. We have not forgotten how many credible organisations, including Yiaga Africa, raised the alarm of the electoral heist that went on during the last guber election in that state.

“So, INEC has been notorious for providing a thriving ground for politicians in Kogi State to mess up the country’s electoral system.

“The same people are at it again, this time hiding under the guise of a recall process against Senator Natasha Akpoti-Uduaghan. With their Kogi magic, they quickly manufactured over 250,000 signatures, whereas the entire voters during the main election stood at 120,000.

“One need not be a suitsayer to know that these are the same elements who are known to be chronic election riggers, with INEC as their enablers.

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“However, we must caution the INEC that this should not be business as usual; this is beyond Kogi State, so Nigerians are watching.

“We were taken aback when the INEC after announcing that the petition did not meet its requirements, returned a day after to tell Nigerians that the same petitioners have met the requirements- what a quick fix!

“The INEC must not kowtow to the whims and caprices of desperate political elements in Kogi State, as this will be resisted by Nigerians.”

Similarly, the apex Igbo group also urged the police to ensure that all those in forging the signatures of Senator Natasha’s constituents were brought to book.

According to the group, the viral videos showed known faces in Kogi State, wondering why the police were yet to effect any arrest.

“By now, we had expected that some of the perpetrators should be cooling their heels in custody or having their days in court, but it is yet to happen.

“There should be no room for compromise, the culprits, no matter how highly placed, should be identified, arrested and prosecuted.

“We urge that the police should engage forensic experts to analyze those signatures before the INEC takes any further step in the said petition,” Usman further stated.

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